Cambiando paradigmas: asociación entre enfermedad pulmonar intersticial y apnea obstructiva del sueño en un centro de referencia nacional entre los años 2011 y 2024

Abstract

Introduction: A high prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)-between 59 and 90.3%- is des­cribed in patients with Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD). OSA could be underdiagnosed in ILD patients. The objective of this study is describing patients with OSA and ILD attended in the “Instituto Nacional del Torax”,Santiago,Chile. Patients and Method: We studied a retrospective cohort. Patients were identified from hospital registers, using ICD10 diagnosis codes. Clinical data were collected from clinical registers, including demographic characteristics, comorbidities, STOP-BANG and Epworth questionnaries, home oxygen use and adherence to CPAP. Descriptive statistics was used. Results: 5381 patients with pulmonary fibrosis were identified, 65 (1,2%) of them had a diagnosis of OSA confirmed by respiratory polygraphy or polysomnography. The average age of patients was 66.6 ± 9.5 years, their average body mass index (BMi) was 35 ± 7.4 kg/m² and neck circumference was 42.3 ± 3.9 cm. Their median STOP-BANG quetionnaire score was 6 and their median score in Epworth scale was 9. The mean value of apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in this series was 33.3 ± 25 events per hour. Twenty-three patients received CPAP therapy. At the end offollow up, 14 patients were still alive, and 7 patients used CPAP adequately. Conclusion: A very low proportion of patients with OSA and ILD was found in this cohort. Patients in this study are very similar to classic OAS patients, with high BMI and neck circumference. Future prospective studies will help to know the exact prevalence of OSA in ILD patients.