Consejería y Entrevista Motivacional para reducir el consumo de tabaco

Abstract

Chile has a high prevalence of smoking in the general population. Smoking is a risk factor in numerous chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease and diabetes. The Chilean Guidelines for the Treatment of Smoking strongly recommend brief advice for all smokers. This article describes the theoretical basis for effective advice and also different counselling strategies for all of the health team. For brief advice, the ABCd, the strategy recommended in the Chilean Guidelines, is described together with the 5As strategy. The 5Rs strategy is proposed to help motivate smokers who are not ready to quit smoking. Some of the strategies of the motivational interview are proposed to help motivate behavioural change during brief advice and when the professional has a little more time. These interventions are for all smokers, although high-risk groups should be given priority.