Índice ROX como predictor de éxito o fracaso en paciente pediátricos con cánula de alto flujo por insuficiencia respiratoria aguda. Revisión panorámica de la literatura

Abstract

Introduction: The high-flow cannula turns out to be the ideal option in patients with hypoxemic acute respiratory failure; considered a safe and adaptable method in the administration of warm and humidified oxygen providing positive pressure levels in the upper airway. To assess the risk of respi- ratory failure, the ROX Index stands out; which establishes a relationship between oxygen saturation (SpO2), the inspired fraction of oxygen (FiO2) and respiratory frequency, allowing its effectiveness to be evaluated. The objective of this literature review was to evaluate the usefulness and efectiveness of the ROX index as a predictor of success or failure in pediatric patients using high flow cannula. Materials and Methods: A scoping review of the literature was carried out by conducting a systematic search in the databases of PUBMED, LILACS and the Virtual Health Library (VHL), in addition to gray literature recorded in Google Scholar including articles published until March 2024 without date or language limitations. The PRISMA-ScR strategy was used, including articles of any study design ranging from 1 month to 18 years with respiratory pathology that will indicate the use of high-flow cannulas, in whom the ROX index has been determined for the purposes of clinical success prediction. or ventilatory failure. Articles that did not meet inclusion criteria were excluded. Results: The search found 818 articles, of which 5 were included that met the eligibility criteria: three descriptive articles and two analytical case-control studies. Conclusions: The ROX index appears to be a promising tool for early prediction of treatment success or failure in patients started with high-flow cannula for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. It is important to continuously monitor all the clinical variables of ROX index to ensure the effectiveness of the high flow cannula.