Abordaje broncoscópico de re-estenosis traqueal recurrente posterior a anastomosis traqueal quirúrgica y stent traqueal

Abstract

Tracheal re-stenosis involves a series of events that occur during and after primary tracheal reconstruction, leading to immediate or delayed failure of the anastomosis. The reported rate of re­stenosis after primary resection and reconstruction for benign tracheal disease is low, occurring in less than 4%; however, the unreported incidence of re-stenosis could be higher. We present the case of a patient with complex tracheal stenosis, after prolonged endotracheal orointubation, surgical tracheal anastomosis and implantation of a silicone tracheal endoprosthesis, with multiple recurrences of re-ste­nosis, treated satisfactorily with pneumatic dilatation, electrosurgery and bronchoscopic cryoablation. Post-intubation tracheal stenosis and its treatment should be based on a multidisciplinary approach. Cryotherapy may be an acceptable alternative treatment, with significant clinical improvement, and a lower proportion of adverse effects compared to other treatment options.